دور الأغالبة في فتح صقلية

Abstract EN

Aghlabids state: It’s an Arabic-Muslim country, wise in its judgments and powerful in its politics.

Its method in ruling the country was to merge the Arab, Berber and the Andalusian together in order to transform the whole activities to their country, the establishment of Aghlabids state in Africa (184 AH/ 800 AD) was associated with the chaos and confusion that dominated the country during the rule of the first Abbasid, and because their preoccupation in the troubles of the Orient that started to threaten their influence, they found that the best solution is to inaugurate Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab ruler of Africa.

The Berber tribes undergo and obeyed him, during his rule all their conditions gets better, he tried hard to expels the revolutions of the Kharijites and he succeed to expels the insurgents out of the Kairouan then he turned to the neighboring countries and to the conquest and expansions in Europe.

He wanted to resign from the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad, and he would owe them subordination and takes from them the legitimacy in order to set the verdict to his children after his death.

In turn they will contribute in ruling and setting their state’s structure.

When all of that come true they wanted to invade and controls Sicily for many reasons, its replete with blessings, its location close to their state that controlling the Mediterranean’s sea trade that belongs to the Byzantines.

The Arab used to invade it during the Umayyad but when the Islamic fleet became more powerful and its ships increased in number they continued their invade of Sicily in order to open it and to spread Islam.

Asad ibn al-Furat the ruler of the Kairouan has a great role in that opening of the Sicily, The prince Ziyadat Allah I Bin al-Aghlabi he couldn’t make forward move to the East nor the west because he followed free political which is trending towards Sicily and then to toward Italy, but this techniques didn’t succeed because of the revolutions that spreaded between Arabs at that time, he decided to achieve the opening of the Sicily and leading the army and the fleet and he almost succeeded in this but the epidemic spreaded between his soldiers any they were on the edge of death except that both Africa and Andalusian helps them and they achieved their goal in opening Sicily.

Ever since Arabs wanted to take Sicily, it was affected by the internal conditions of both Byzantine and the majority states that followed Bin Abbasid.

They opened it in (212AH/827AD) till it fell at the hands of Fatimids with the establishment of their country, then it witnessed many conflicts between Fatimids and the Byzantine until its finally fell at the hands of Normans (484AH/ 1094AD).