تأثير المكافحة الميكانيكية و الكيمياوية في بعض صفات الحاصل : دراسة مظهرية و تمييزية لأصناف من حنطة الخبز Triticum aestivum L. تحت ظروف المنطقة الشمالية من العراق

Abstract EN

The study was counducted the phenotypic and distinguish traits and quantitative and qualitative traits as a limited phenotypic remarks in International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plant (upov) for eighteen genotype of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

) were as ( Sham 4 , Sham 6 , Arass , Adana 99 , Tammuz 2 , Ibba 99 , Ibba 95 , Rabeaa , Rizgari , Maroof , Hassad , Allaa ,Gihan 99 , Kuaz 2, Abu-Graib , Tammuz1 , Buhooth 22 and Latifia ) .

The experiment was carried off in Bani-makan agricultural research station in chamchamal / Sulaimaniah governorate at winter season 2016-2017 as( R.C.B.D ) desing with three replicates .

The results showed that the genotype Rabeaa and Rizgari were distinguished in spike density as a weak , and Arass and Latifia were distinguished in colour of the spike as a red color .

While the genotypes Sham4 , Ibaa99 , Ibba95, Abu-Graib, and Bohouth22 were distinguished in containing a strong waxy cover on the spike ,the variety Maroof was distinguished on others in a black awn colour.

The genotypes Tammuz 2 and Abu-Graib were distinguished as a high shoulder shape of glume beside to this Abu-Graib variety was distinguished in broad width of glume shoulder.

The variety Ibba99 was distinguished in a rounded shape of the grain , while Rizgari variety was distinguished as a elongated shape of the grain .

Kuaz2 was distinguished as a red colour of the grain , while the other varieties were white grains .

In phenotypic traits , the variety Ibba99 was surpassed in flag leaf area (48.05cm2) and in spike lenght and it is coloum trait ,while the variety Rizgari was surpassed in awn length traits , and Rabeaa in plant height trait (110.9 cm) .

The genotypes Rizgari and Arass were earileast in time of spike emergence and physiological maturity traits , while the variety Ibba99 was late .

There were significant differences between the genotypes in the yield and components traits, the variety Gihan99 was surpassed in grain yield (4.471 ton/ ha.) , and Sham4 in number of active tiller traits (3.1 tiller/plant) .

Buhooth 22 was surpassed in the number of the grains in the spike (59.83) and quality weight (78.96 kg.hectoliter), Hassad variety was surpassed in 1000 grain weight (39.06 gm) and Maroof variety in protein percentage (%16.1) .

Cluster analysis was made for the genotypes for all the studied traits and the results showed that the varieties were classified to groups as a distinguish phenotypic remarks .

Sham4 was alone in main group for phenotypic vegetative traits , while Arass , Rabeaa and Rizgari were contained in main group in phenotypic traits at maturity time, while in quantitative and qualitative traits the Rabeaa and Rizgari were in main group , this refer to the nearest and similarity in the studied traits.

Ibba99 was alone in the main group in distinguishing study of traits for the grain ,this refer to a genetic farwide from the other varieties which includes the study .