Analyse et quantification de lacharge de l’entrainement pendant la période de préparation physique d’avant saison chez les footballeurs

Abstract EN

Our present study aims to shed light on the following questions: -1How is it possible to control the training load in the physical preparation phase? -2How to distribute the training loads during the physical preparation phase? The hypotheses: -1It is possible to quantify the training load by using the effort perception method (RPE).

-2We will distribute the training loads during the physical preparation phase over main periods each one is different in volume and intensity.

Materials and methods: we quantified and analyzed the weekly and daily training loads (TL) of 24 Algerian professional footballers during the physical preparation phase at the preseason (2017-2018) using the effort perception method (RPE).

744 Experimental protocol : Training in this period takes place over six weeks, the first in Algeria, the second, third and fourth takes the form of a blocked internship in the city of Sousse (Tunisia) and the fifth and sixth weeks in Algeria .

The sessions are carried out in two stages, in the morning orafternoon, fifty-eight training sessions were carried out by a group of 24 footballers during six weeks of preparation, the number of players participating in the sessions being variable (injuries, absences) .

Monitoring training load: The RPE method is used to control the drive load.

Each athlete gives his or her perception of the difficulty of the effort for each training session with a measure of the duration of the session (foster and others 2001), the RPE season has already been shown as a valid method to evaluate and estimate the intensity of the exercise (Impellizzeni and others 2004).

Results:Training loads dropped in the general preparation phase until the end of the second week, and then they gradually augmented and attained the peak in specific preparation.

During the tapering phase, the intensity of training is maximized to achieve the desired objective, the use of the different recovery methods is mandatory, especially in the second week and in the specific preparation.

The RPE method makes it possible to control and quantify the loads of the training and to guide us towards a better distribution of the loads of the training.

Conclusion : La préparation physique générale se situe au début de saison et suit une période de régénération ou de transition, Son rôle est de préparer l'organisme à supporter les charges de travail futures et tenir la distance tout au long de l'année qui va suivre.

Plus on se rapproche d'un objectif ou d'un sous objectif planifié, plus l'entraînement doit être spécifique à chaque individu et à l'épreuve.

Dans cette deuxième phase, on cherche à renforcer les qualités propres et à rendre le travail plus qualitatif, en 744 ressemblant le plus possible à l'épreuve.

En fin de PPS, lors du début de phase d'Affûtage, l’intensité de l'entraînement doive être équivalente à celle de l'objectif.

Pendant la phase d'affûtage, on augmente l'intensité des entraînements le plus possible jusqu'à devenir équivalente ou supérieure à celle de l'objectif visé.

La méthode RPE est valide et fiable pour la quantification de la charge de l’entrainement pendant la phase de préparation physique.