تحليل النفس و تشخيص أحوالها و وصف أمراضها و ذكر علاجاتها عند الغزالي : دراسة تحليلية مقارنة

Abstract EN

Muslim philosophers and scholars have long been interested in the psyche and its disorders.

They did well in the diagnosis of various psychological conditions and prescribing the appropriate treatment.

Abu-Hamed Al-Ghazali was a prominent figure in the field who established the basics of the Islamic philosophy of the psyche.

The personal experience of Al-Ghazali in Sufism contributed to the formulation of those basics, taking into consideration the close link between Sufism and psychology.

As a researcher in psychology, Al-Ghazali used his experience of Sufism as a rich resource for understanding the psyche and generalising it to all aspects of psychology, such as the perception of reality and emotions, the functions of dreams, and deviations from the norm and consequently the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric conditions.

The author presents an analysis of psychological activity according to Al-Ghazali, which includes the division of the psyche, the influence of the instincts, the control of emotions, the functions of dreams, the extent of psychiatric disorders and their causes and treatment.

The current paper compared modern schools of psychology with Al-Ghazali’s approach to analysis.

Al-Ghazali used meditation and introspection.

He relied on evidence from observations, experiments and his experience of cases in real life.

The current paper highlights the originality and authenticity of his psychoanalysis.

Al-Ghazali had the pioneering precedent over modern schools of psychology and the various approaches in psychiatry and psychology in the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions.