ثقافة التسامح و التعايش في الحضارة الإسلامية : الموسيقا و الغناء بالأندلس أنموذجين

Abstract EN

This research paper shed light on the social diversity of the Al-Anda• lus' civilization and the main tenets of its development and prosperity for over eight centuries throughout two main and related examples: the singing and music.

One of the main criteria on the Andalusian society was its plurality, difference and diversity, a mixture between different people and races-Arabs and Berbers, conquerors and expatriates, Romans and MestizoSlavs, Negroes andGoths; con- verted to different religions and faiths, such as Islam, Judaism and Christianity, speaking different languages such as Arabic, including classical and vernacular, Hebrew, Latin and Berber.

Under the flag of the Islamic principles based on toler• ance, justice, equality , harmony and peace, the Andalusian society became a mod- el based on the religious tolerance, social coexistence, cultural openness and syner- gy of the nation.

In such environmentrich of tolerance and coexistence, a multicultural and cross-cultural atmosphere had been established and thus was clearly reflected in all fields including literature, art and architecture.

Music and singing gained a prominent position in this area asapart of the An- dalusian society.

It was considered as a common language that is understood by all of its elements and members, the way to express their feelings and dreams, without distinction of sex or belief, in the creativity of lyrics and melodies, and in practice or listen to, the melodiesreflected musical inclinations each component of this so• ciety, and witnessed the extent of what was the core of the blending and coexis- tence, cooperation and tolerance in light of Arab-Islamic civilization.

In fact Music and singing become the mirror of a society where Jewish and Christians had the same equal rights and duties as Muslims with no distinction and no segregation .A nation where tolerance and freedom can be considered asa el for other societies a long time and space.

To confirm this hypothesis, this scientific papers entitled "a culture of tolerance and coexistence in the Islamic civilization: music and singing in'Al-Andalus' has been elaborated in order to depict the images of tolerance and coexistence that are prevailed among the various races and various religions in music and singing throughout three levels are: 1 levels poetic text level, 2.

the level of melody, 3.

per- formanceby describing the passion of the people of Andalusia in music and singing off, and find endorsement radiation Andalusian music