المراسيم الملكية في العصر البابلي القديم : الملك آمي صادوقا (1646-1626 ق. م)‎ أنموذجا

Other Title(s)

Royal decrees in the old Babylonia period the king Ammi-Sadeqa (1646-1626b.c)‎ specimen

Author

الجنابي، سمراء حميد نايف

Source

مجلة كلية التربية الأساسية للعلوم التربوية و الإنسانية

Issue

Vol. 2018, Issue 41 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.2143-2162, 20 p.

Publisher

University of Babylon College of Basic Education

Publication Date

2018-12-31

Country of Publication

Iraq

No. of Pages

20

Main Subjects

History and Geography

Topics

Abstract EN

Royal decrees are the set of orders and instructions which issue by the kings during their first or subsequent rule years to deal with the crisis and deteriorating economic conditions in the country in a quick and extraordinary ways to keep the society from collapsing.

These decrees include two kinds of orders: The first one is immediate and quick legal situation to reduction the exploitation phenomenon which afflicts the society, and the second one is a long-term legal provisions which ensure that the future situation does not deteriorate, and preserves the rights of the population in the sense that it has lasting effect.

The royal decrees are called in Sumerian (DI.DAB5.BA) which opposite by Akkadian (Simdat Šarrim).

The Royal decrees term (Simdat Šarrim) appeared for the first time during the Babylonian Period (2004-1595 BC).

But this does not mean that the royal decrees does not existed before this period ; because there is many terms carried the same meaning of the term Simdat Šarrim in the sense "justice" but Its not mentioned at the same Pronunciation, such as the Sumerian term (AMA.AR./ AMA.GI4) opposite by Akkadian (andurāru) which mean (freedom / debt relief), as well as the Sumerian term (NI3/NIG2.SI.SA2) opposite by Akkadian (mišarum) in the sense of "justice".

These two terms are fully agree in meaning and content with the first term (Simdatu) Where it seeks to achieving justice and equality among the population The reformations of King uruinimgina (2400 BC), one of the kings of Lagash dynasty, considered as the oldest reformations in the history of the world.

Although some are considered the ruler of lagash Entemina (2450 BC), as the first caller for reform, were preceded uruinimgina reformations in about fifty years, but the cuneiform writings confirmed that King uruinmgina had left a written text confirming his reformations, unlike the King antimna, who mentioned in his writings that he called for reformations and for freed his people from slavery but he did not leave a text confirming this.

Even the kings of the dawn dynasties and the Akkadian, Ur dynasty period are also mentioned that they are established for justice and equality among the population, and this will Considered as reference to issuing for such decrees which remove the oppression from their citizens.

There are many reasons that led the kings of ancient Iraq to issue this decrees and enacted a number of legislation, the most important reason was to Processing the deteriorating economic conditions during a certain period, because of the high prices and the high taxes.

Another reasons that led the kings to issue such decrees is the propaganda Purpose, Where they seeks to gained the respect and satisfaction of the people (the poor) cause they represent the largest and most affected class in society.

The system of individual property is one of the reasons that contributed to the deterioration of the economic situation in the country over the ages.

because the wealths has become in the hands of a specific group of people (the nobles, the powerful, the big traders) who controlled all the economic and commercial activities in the country; By exploiting the needy by lending them the money under high interest rates.

American Psychological Association (APA)

الجنابي، سمراء حميد نايف. 2018. المراسيم الملكية في العصر البابلي القديم : الملك آمي صادوقا (1646-1626 ق. م) أنموذجا. مجلة كلية التربية الأساسية للعلوم التربوية و الإنسانية،مج. 2018، ع. 41، ص ص. 2143-2162.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-899112

Modern Language Association (MLA)

الجنابي، سمراء حميد نايف. المراسيم الملكية في العصر البابلي القديم : الملك آمي صادوقا (1646-1626 ق. م) أنموذجا. مجلة كلية التربية الأساسية للعلوم التربوية و الإنسانية ع. 41 (كانون الأول 2018)، ص ص. 2143-2162.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-899112

American Medical Association (AMA)

الجنابي، سمراء حميد نايف. المراسيم الملكية في العصر البابلي القديم : الملك آمي صادوقا (1646-1626 ق. م) أنموذجا. مجلة كلية التربية الأساسية للعلوم التربوية و الإنسانية. 2018. مج. 2018، ع. 41، ص ص. 2143-2162.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-899112

Data Type

Journal Articles

Language

Arabic

Notes

يتضمن هوامش.

Record ID

BIM-899112