بطالة الشباب في العراق لعام 2016 : التفاوت و التحليل المكاني

Abstract EN

Youth is considered as one of the most significant categories for their enormous role in human development process in different countries.

In Iraq, youth reaches (8718201) of the population constituting an average of (24.3)% of the total population.

The youth sector in Iraq suffers from a number of problems, most notably the unemployment which spread on a wide geographical scale, depriving the individual from the right to work stipulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Every person must have adequate work to provide him with the necessary income to live in a dignified life for himself and his family.

The number of the unemployed indicates the seriousness of the phenomenon.

Unemployed youth aged between (15-29) years reached in 2016 about (652085), an average rate of (20.4)%.

The rates varied according to the governorates.

The highest rates are in southern Iraq in Dhi Qar , And Maysan which were respectively (34.8- 29.2)% of the total number of youth, as well as in the governorates of Kirkuk, Dahuk, Muthanna and Basra.

The rate of economic activity for youth was (36.6)% around Iraq.

Youth unemployment is linked to a number of educational and marital characteristics.

The study showed that the governorates with high rates of youth unemployment have at the same time a high rate of illiteracy.

The governorates of southern Iraq (Muthanna and Dhi Qar), the rate of illiteracy among young people in each of them reached in the study area (23.5-10.3)%.

The same is applied to the youth of the southern governorates who are married.

However, unemployment increased while the proportion of young unmarried were decreased in those provinces.

The spatial relations of unemployment were represented by the simple correlation values of Pearson, which showed the effect of the variables (size of economic activity of youth, illiteracy, celibacy, marriage, urban population, total youth population in Iraq).

It also indicates that the youth unemployment increases according to the ascend of the mentioned variables.

The study concluded a number of recommendations that could contribute to alleviating the severity of unemployment, among them: 1.

Participation of the Ministry of Youth in the development of government policies to address the problem of unemployment.

2.

Raise the level of education and rehabilitate young people to work.

3.

The need to develop a strategic plan to accommodate the workforce of young people who were contended in subsequent decades.