تحالف مولدي الغرب الأندلسي مع الإسبان خلال عصر الإمارة الأموية : عبد الرحمن بن مروان الجليقي، و موقعة البربرية عام 263 ه 877 م نموذجا

Abstract EN

The main focus of this study is the alliance between Abdul-Rahman Bin Marwan Al-Julaiqi, the leader of Muladi of Gharb Al-Andalus, and Alfonso III of Austrias, during the reign of Muhammad Bin Abdul-Rahman Al-Awsat, and the consequences of the massacre against the Andalusian armry at Al-Barbaria (Polvoraria) on the banks of Orbigo River inside the Christian territories in the ^ear 263 H./877 A.D.

The stud;y examines the revolution of the Muladi in Gharb Al-Andalus, against the Umayyad Emirate.

It also considers the factors that led to the Al-Barbaria tragedy, such as the rebellion by Al-Julaiqi against Cordoba, his alliance with the Spanish, his refuge to Austrias just before, and then his collaboration with the Christian armies who took the Muslim army by surprise.

This led to the slaughter of more ten thousand Muslim fighters and the other consequences, such as the catastrophe of the rest of the armry in Valdemora, the official and public reaction to the consequences of the battle, and eventually the termination of Al-Julaiqi Revolution, and finally his settling in Badajoz.

The research concludes with important results, most notably that it settled the controversy over the year of the occurrence of the tragedy of Al-Barbaria (Polvoraria).

It explained that Al-Julaiqi's personality was full of adventure and was based on the practice of killing, looting and vandalism, and he was seeking leadership.

He did not hesitate to seek help and assistance from the Spaniards against the Umayyad Emirate whenever he felt the need to do so.

This resulted in a state of joint alliance between him and Spaniards.

The;y attacked together many civilian and military Andalusian sites, resulting in the spread of destruction and murder.

The King of Asturias Alfonso III benefited from this by expanding the boundaries of his kingdom to the areas south of Duero River, which led to the contraction of Andalusian lands.

Also, this research concludes that while Al-Brbaria information of Islamic sources was brief while the Christian narrative was detailed regarding the field operations and in glorifying the role of Alfonso III.

On the other hand, the Christian narrative about this battle exaggerated the number of Andalusian deaths to show the severity of the defeat suffered by the other party, and added to this battle a Crusader religious tone.

The Spaniards wrote many legendary narratives about it in order to encourage continuous invading of the Islamic country.

This battle showed the Spanish armry's lack of minimal military ethics, as demonstrated by its brutality in dealing with civilians, especially during the joint military campaigns with Al-Julaiqi.

Finally, the alliance of Al-Julaiqi with the Spaniards led to the emergence of the phenomenon of appeal and alliance with them by many of the subsequent Andalusian groups.