جرح وتعديل الرواة بالشعر وضرب المثل: دراسة تطبيقية

Abstract EN

This research deals with the phenomenon of poetry and proverbs in Al-Jarh Wa Al-Ta'dil (Criticism and Praise) books, in terms of function.

This concerns a key aspect; that is manifesting the criticism and praise of narrators in such two ways through collecting applied examples of this poetry and these proverbs, as well as the words of criticism and praise, along with applications to judging narrators to explore the conformity of the Hadith scholar to criticising and praising the narrator, using poetry and proverbs, while comparing these applications to those of other scholars.

The research includes an abstract, introduction and two sections.

The introduction discusses the general purposes of criticism and praise scholars, in respect with poetry and proverbs.

The first section scrutinises criticising and praising the narrators with poetry, according to four applied examples.

These are the criticism of Shahr bin Houshab; Abdel Malik bin Marawan; criticism of Abu Hanifa and his comparison with Al Shafie; and plain praise of Hammad bin Zaid and criticism of Amr bin Obaid.

Clearly, and based on the aforementioned examples, poetry was restrictedly used, for familiarity, more often than not, without being essential in the criticism and praise of narrators.

It was cited according to the subject matter of the poetry lines in general.

Regarding the second section: Criticism and Praise through proverbs, it is dealt with via two themes.

The first of these is about praising narrators by proverbs, exemplifying the following proverbs: Hayat Al Wadi (Wadi Racer) and Kabsh Natah (butting ram) to indicate the first and highest rank of praise, while Sedad min Aeish (sufficient) comes in the third place for praise.

The second theme has to do with criticising narrators by proverbs according to the following examples: Hateb Lail (of confused speech); Lais min Al Gemal alati Tahmel Al Mahamel or Lais min Gemalat Al Mahamel – Lais min Gemazat Al Mahamel (weak); Lais min Ebel Al Qebab or min Ahl Al Qebab (unsatisfactory); and Kelahoma wa Tamran (unpersuasive).

All these are ranked the sixth in criticism.

Also, Hamalat Al Hatab (relations corrupter through backbiting) to indicate the fourth rank.

Takbira min Hares (of contradictory intentions and appearances) and Huwa Asa Mousa Talqaf ma Yafikon (liar and mannered) come in the third rank.

Then, the rank increases, where Ala Yadai Adl (about to be worn out) comes in the second rank of criticism.

The research quoted applied examples of praised or criticised narrators, along with an analysis of relevant poetry or proverbs through a comparative critical extrapolative methodology.

This aims to place each and every term in its due place, in terms of the degrees of criticism or praise.