Developing white spot lesion (WSL)‎ in patients with fixed orthodontic appliance in Erbil City of Iraq

Abstract EN

AIMS: of this cross sectional study is to specify the occurrence of white spot lesion (WSLs) in patients with orthodontic attachment in Erbil, Iraq.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 20 subjects (7 male – 13 female) their age ranged between 12-34 years old.

During fixed orthodontic treatment each tooth in four quadrants was examined by naked eye to detect the occurrence of WSLs from the 1 month to 6 month of treatment duration.

RESULTS: The prevalence of WSL according to age, gender, and duration of the orthodontic treatment.

The mean age of male were 19.43 (S.D= 6.37) and the mean age of female were 19.00 (S.D= 7.37) ; but statistically calculated non- significant (P-value >0.05).

In the first visit the mostly affected teeth are upper right canine, upper left canine, and upper left lateral incisor, In second visit the most affected teeth are upper left canine, upper left lateral incisor, and lower right canine.

In the third visit the mostly affected teeth are upper left canine, upper left lateral incisor, and lower right canine, In the fourth visit the most affected teeth are upper left canine and upper left lateral incisor.

The frequency of WSLs increased with each visit of orthodontic treatment, the maximum occurrence of WSLs was found in the sixth visit (21.25%) followed by fifth visit (21%), fourth visit (19.25%), third visit (16.25%), second visit (13.75%), and finally first visit (7.25%).

The mean of all visit equal to 16.45%.

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CONCLUSION: 21.25% of patients in developing WSLs during orthodontic treatments were more attend in the upper than lower arch; they occurred most often on the upper left canine and upper left lateral incisor.

There was statistically no significant male and female difference, females had a 65% of developing WSLs than males 35% (P-value <0.05).Key words: Coenzyme Q10; Wound healing; Wound contraction ratio.