تعليل أفعال الله تعالى عند الفرق الإسلامية : إنشاء خلق للجنة و خلق للنار أنموذجا

Abstract EN

This paper addresses the difference between Islamic sects in whether justifying Allah’s deeds is possible.

Almu’tazila, for instance, see that it is possible, but they exaggerate in doing so, equalizing His deeds to those of people, glory be to Allah.

Other sects like Asharis and Maataridis, Jahmis and most Sufis say that it is not possible, while Sunnis say that justifying Allah’s deeds is possible, but in terms of benefit and wisdom.

Sunnis agree with Mmu’tazila and Zaidis in Allah’s capacity to do injustice, but He is not unjust to anyone, glory be to Allah.

Asharis and their proponents, however, say that Allah cannot be unjust, and that He is just in every deed of His.

However, the issue gets clearer when we consider sahih hadiths, including Albukhari’s, that Allah creates people in the hereafter and put them in hell and others in paradise.

This is actually rejected by Mu’tazilas and Zaydis, but Asharis, Maataridis and Jabris accept both views.

However, Sunnis accept creation of people for paradise and reject creating people for hell, based on sahih hadiths stressing that Allah punishes, but only for sins, though He rewards without work.