التطور في مفاعلات الاندماج النووي

Abstract EN

Fusion processes require fuel and a confined environment with sufficient temperature, pressure and confinement time to create a plasma in which fusion can occur.

the combination of these figures results in a powerproducing system known as the Lawson criterion.

fusion reactors usualy use hydrogen isotopes such as deuterium and tritium, which react easier than hydrogen to allow to reach the Lawson criterion requirements with less extreme conditions.

most designs aim to heat fuel to tens of millions of degrees, which constitutes a major challenge in producing a successful design.

as a source of power, nuclear fusion is expected to have several advantages over fission.

these advantages are : reduced radioactivity in operation and little high-level nuclear waste, ample fuel supplies, and increased safety.

however, achieving the necessary combination of temperature, pressure, and duration has been proven to be difficult to achieve from a practical and economical point of view.

research into fusion reactors began in the 1940s, but up to date, no design has produced more fusion power output than the electrical power input.