استخدام الصفات المظهرية و الكيميائية للحبوب في تشخيص و تصنيف بعض أصناف الشوفان Avena sativa L.

Abstract EN

This study was conducted in the laboratories of the Department of Biology, College of Education, Mosul University, to study the morphological and chemical characters of Oat Grains (Avena sativa).

The cultivars studied were (Possum 6, Kangaroo 4, tall Oat, Mittika 5, short Oat).

The data collected were statistically analyzed by using the Complete Randomized Design (C.R.D) with four replications for each experiment.

Cultivars differences were verified statistically significant at the 5% level using Duncan multiple range test for each character used the morphological characters of Oat Grains: The results showed the presence of differences between cultivars in the following characters: Grain length, width and thickness, Rachilla length and density of brush hair, distance between cheeks, Grooves depth and shape, embryo shape, length of lodicules, The chemical characters of Oat grain: Cultivars differed for the percentage of oil content in the grain.

Cultivars differed for the protein contents in the grains.

All Grains cultivars were subjected to treatment by 1 % phenol solution.

Cultivars were stained to different degrees according to the intensity of staining.

All Grains cultivars were also subjected to treatment by solution of (Phenol + Ferrous sulfate).

Some Cultivars were stained to different degree of green color.

There were differences in the degree of collapse of amylase (a starchy substance) of the grains after treatment with the solution of potassium hydroxide (2 %), as there were broken and dissolution of the amylase of the grain of the cultivars, semi-broken amylase, or there was nearly no broken grains of the cultivar at tall.