طريقة غير تقليدية لتلافي مخاطر التدخين و للتحكم في جماليات الأسطح الفخارية

Abstract EN

Smoking on ceramic surfaces is one of the ancient and contemporary aesthetics, which has a distinct aesthetic sense, which had its beginnings in China and Japan and is now widespread in Europe and America.

The research dealt with smoking in the Stone Age in the period (3000 - 7000 BC) and in the Bronze Age in ancient Cyprus (2500 BC).

The research also dealt with obtaining the black color as a result of smoking inside the oven, as well as ways to obtain the black color as a result of smoking outside the oven (Raco ), The research also dealt with some methods for analyzing smoke evacuation within the furnace, as well as methods of smoking and reducing inside electric ovens.

After studying the different smoking methods, the research reached a conclusion that the smoking process, whether inside or outside the oven, it became clear that the smoking results come random without controlling the smoke on the clay surface, all this is not an easy process and produces some health risks and results in damage to thermal files in the furnaces.

Electrical and also need some special equipment, and the idea of the research was based on selecting some organic materials for example (sugar - galvanic - reed juice) and transforming them into liquid images and then applied to the ceramic surfaces by different decoration methods (stencil - direct drawing - insulation with clay) and then burned At a temperature of 300 to 500 degrees Celsius, we get a smoke effect.

After conducting experiments on the selected organic materials individually or by diluting them with water, alcohol or cane juice and then burning them, the results of these experiments were discussed and the optimal composition was chosen that enables us to control the drawing of the organic materials and obtain smoking.

One of the results of this research is obtaining several formulations of organic matter in a liquid form, which was possible to obtain the effect of smoking on the clay surfaces after burning them at low temperatures and the aesthetic effect of smoke was controlled.

This new, unconventional method is easy and effortless, as it is safe and does not have any health risks, and the new technology does not need any safety or security equipment or equipment.

These results, which were applied to the surfaces and some pottery vessels, were also discussed using many techniques such as stencils, direct drawing and insulation.

The general conclusion of the discussions and the summary of results and recommendations were presented, along with the most important references that were relied upon in the research..