المخاطر و الانتهاكات التي تتعرض لها المواقع الأثرية و التراثية و تأثيرها في السياحة

Abstract EN

The countries of the Middle East, particularly Iraq, are rich in thousands of archaeological, heritage and tourist sites.

These have been a major attraction for exploration missions and tourist groups for many years.

They have become an important means of communication between different countries for tourism, customs and traditions.

As it provides the funds generated by tourists annually.

The country's economy is linked to its natural and geographical security and protection, its strategic geographical location, its cultural heritage, its cultural heritage, its architectural and non-architectural monuments, and modern tourist facilities.

To the economy of some countries, which lack other elements such as agriculture, industry, trade or lack of land for oil, and relied on the tourism sector, which has become the backbone of the economy and the first interest, and is planning to develop and develop.

The archaeological and heritage sites and tourist facilities are sectors that are affected by many risks, violations, crises, and the prevailing world of peace or war, and these risks and violations vary from one place to another and from one country to another, and their causes and results vary according to objectives and goals and whether they are internal or external, The State and the tourism organization bear a great burden in developing and preparing informed plans to confront the threats and violations of their cultural heritage and tourism facilities and to confront them and eliminate them so that they can achieve tourist security.

Hence the importance of the subject of our study, especially in light of the exposure of our monuments and tourist facilities in Iraq of the risks, and will be studied in two topics: The first topic: Types of risks and violations that are exposed to archaeological sites, heritage and tourism sources.

The second topic: Means of protecting archaeological sites, heritage and tourism, and securing them from risks and violations.

the importance of studying This study is important for the following reasons: - It is no secret that the effects are the living history of communities, and a sincere witness alive to their civilization and achievements, they undoubtedly reveal to us the extent of progress or delay in the production of these communities, and the extent of originality or tradition in their industries, and express the degree of vulnerability or influence Between civilizations and each other, and we know the art of nations and their uniforms and the nature of tastes, as we know the history of nations and past, and the more archaeological discoveries increased our knowledge of the history of communities and their heritage.

- The effects of tourism facilities are one of the most important sectors that contribute to raising the economy of any country, and may constitute the main source of income, so countries are making a great effort to promote the tourism sector to attract tourists to the state, and the importance of this in the creation of tourism income of the state, Responsible for these sectors to make great efforts in the preservation and advancement of the monuments and tourism facilities, and provide security and protection for them, by knowing the risks and crimes that may be exposed to the effects and facilities of the State, and appropriate security measures to enable them to quickly deal with those risks and Crimes.

Objectives of the study: - Study of some of the risks and violations of the effects of tourism facilities and sources.

- Clarifying some means and methods to protect the monuments and tourist facilities and to secure them from risks and violations and how to manage them.