جماليات الفن الاسلامي في أبواب المساجد التراثية القديمة المساجد : الفاطمية نموذجا

Abstract EN

This research is concerned over studying ((Aesthetics of Islamic art in the heritage mosques doors - Fatimid mosques as a model)).

It includes four chapters.

The first chapter is devoted to the research problem, its importance and the need for it, the aim of the research and its limits and determining the most important terms contained therein.

The research problem has dealt with the topic of aesthetics of Islamic art in the doors of ancient heritage mosques, and the Muslim artist's keenness as a human eagerness since he lived in the caves to decorate his residence with different decorations, which was represented in the aesthetics of Islamic art in the doors of Fatimid mosques in its elegance, Islamic art uses them to understand the world around him.

It is distinguished by how the Fatimid mosques' vocabularies, including the doors, and often contradicting them with the doors of other mosques finds the difficulty of that artistic aesthetic in the Fatimid era.

The Islamic state had a clear impact on the Muslim artist, and the artistic sense of the human being is an important thing in his social and psychological life and has a spiritual goal.

These doors and their motifs in the first century of Islam contributed into building a common reality, so unique mosques and traditional buildings took unique forms in embodying the decoration on its doors, in terms of the types of decorations, their homogeneity and their intertwining and in terms of the types of those decorations represented in the geometry and its distinct and harmonized lines, and star plate, and its aesthetics highlighted on the doors.

The compliant material such as wood (tin), copper and bronze, and intertwining with plants decorations and flower branches and twisting around itself, which led to the display of artistic beauty and the aesthetic of the scene as well as the accuracy of the work led to attract the attention of the recipient, and admire it heritage aesthetically, which It is called plastic arts, embodied by nature and that is the creation of (God).

Forms that mimic nature in its familiar aspects in ancient mosques, which confirm the relations between the natural ingredients and elements of mosques, namely the Fatimid Islamic doors, which gathered between the two sides.

Functional and aesthetic side in Islamic architecture, which leads to ornate engineering and plant formations that lead to mental rational thinking based on the exact calculation of a kind of philosophical ideas and Islamic spiritual meanings.

The research problem was determined by answering the following questions: -Standing on the aesthetics of Islamic art in the doors of the Fatimid mosques, which appear through the façade of the Fatimid Mosque as one of the vocabulary of Islamic architecture, it is posed forcefully in the form of a number of questions that require contemplation and exploring and researching them, how beautiful aesthetic design and forms in Islamic art in the doors of Fatimid mosques ? What is the possibility of benefiting from the aesthetic values as architectural components for the doors in the Fatimid mosques as an innovative source of Islamic and plant engineering? What are the features and plant foundations for the design of mosque door decoration and reflected on its artistic / technical side as an aesthetic value? What are their formations according to their environment ? Is it possible to comment on natural drawing decorations and embodying them on the materials such as wood, its types and copper in its plant shapes, engineering designs and embodied in its lines and harmony? The first chapter has also included the goal of the research, which is: To reveal the aesthetics of decorative design in Islamic art in the doors of ancient heritage mosques - Fatimid mosques as a model and the effect of the environment reflected on it artistically, functionally and aesthetically.

The chapter has included the limits of the research and its terminology, while the theoretical framework included the second chapter and previous studies.

The second chapter has dealt with three topics: the first one is about aesthetics of Islamic art and two axes (the aesthetics of Islamic art) and the second axis (decorative arts in the doors of Islamic Samag in Egypt) as well as the first topic in the part that is concerned with (the interest of the Muslim artist in Islamic art and its various decorations).

As for the second axis, it was concerned with (old heritage mosques (Fatimid mosques)), and the second topic concerned with (the style of Fatimid architecture in Egypt).

The third topic is concerned with a historic brief about Fatimidism mosques establishment.

First- al-Aqmar Mosque.

Second- the Sultan al-Ashraf Fynabia Mosque.

Third- Mosque and School of Sultan Hassan.

Fourth- Ahmad Bin Tulun Mosque.

Fifthly- al-Hakim Mosque Sixth- al-Azhar Mosque.

As for the third chapter, it is concerned with research procedures : including the research community and selecting a sample (4) from the doors of technical mosques, then the research tool, and analyzing the sample.

The fourth chapter included the results of the research, conclusions, proposals, Arabic sources and in English.