الخصائص الطبيعية لحوض وادي فاطمة شمال مكة المكرمة المملكة العربية السعودية

Abstract EN

This study aims at identifying the most important natural characteristics in the Wadi Fatima basin, which is strategically important for several governorates within the boundaries of the Makkah region.

The Wadi Fatima basin contains four main rock groups : pre-Cambrian prehistoric rocks, pre-Cambrian rocks, The triple age in addition to the deposits of the fourth time.

The average annual temperature of the basin was about 27.6 m.

The annual rainfall in the Wadi Fatima basin was 279.4 mm.

The equal rainfall in the basin Wadi Fatima that there is a spatial variation of the distribution of rain rates in the basin, where the rate of rainfall to the east of the basin, while the rates of rainfall are low in the west of the basin.

The study based on the Atlas of the general map of soil in Saudi Arabia issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Water in 1406 H, the existence of nine types of soils in the Wadi Fatima Basin vary in their area and properties, where the mountain soil formed the highest percentage in the basin, more than half The area of the basin, which amounted to 3099.18 km 2, or 62.7 % of the area of Wadi Fatima basin, while the rest of all types of soils did not exceed 37.3 % of the area of Wadi Fatima basin.