العلاقة الجدلية بين التحول الديمقراطي في العراق و الاقتصاد الريعي

Abstract EN

In fact the process of laying down democracy and constitutional and political institutions requires concentrating on economical and development aspects.

With the increasing of economic growth، increasing national income and improving the per capita income، the demand for democracy will increase، but the Iraqi experience indicated that the revenue countries with unilateral economy especially oil countries the economic growth did not lead to real democracy conversion.

Eventually it was necessary to ask a question about the degree of renting economy impact on the process of democracy conversion? Though the process of democracy conversion in Iraq was mainly with foreign motives، but the internal actors have direct impact in succeeding this process or hinder the process of democracy conversion.

Oil revenue becomes with political priority for successive Iraqi governments after 2003 in order to establish its position excellently through moving the resources and distributing these resources according to the making of loyalties.

Non-existence of any vision or trend towards developing a diversified productive economy leading to reducing of work opportunities ، worsening unemployment and eventually hindering democracy conversion ،besides quick flow of oil revenues on Iraq resulted in emerging the phenomenon of the viewing effect and the culture of opportunism and looking for quick profit.

Here appears social factor of this kind of economy، e.

i.

Social powers expressing their ideology and interest on revenue economy beyond that of work and production، and nearest to free market economy .

The most important failure of the revenue state in Iraq formed by its authoritarian behavior related to its closed non-rational personal will which was obvious in bad professional failure of oil resources within various investing uses not achieving justice in income distribution.

The process of freeing from excessive dependence on oil revenue، starting national economy diversification and expanding income resources by developing various production sectors are enough for the success of the process of democracy conversion.