Risks for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension Are Increased in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

الملخص EN

|Objectives.

To evaluate pregnancy outcomes and its determinants in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods.

Two-hundred and twenty pregnant PCOS and 594 healthy women were followed from early pregnancy.

Incidences of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), preterm birth, twinning, and fetal growth restriction (FGR) were determined.

Results.

The incidence of GDM was notably higher among all PCOS combined (54.9%; OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 2.0–4.1) and PCOS subgroups, whether they conceived spontaneously (51.5%; OR: 3.3, 95% CI: 2.0–5.4), or via IVF-ET or ovarian stimulation, compared with controls (14.3%; P<0.001).

The incidence of PIH was also higher among all PCOS (10.4%; OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1–4.4) and the subgroup conceiving spontaneously (11.8%; OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.1–6.2; P<0.001) but not for those conceiving with IVF-ET (9.1%) or ovarian stimulation (9.4%).

Lean women with PCOS (BMI <24 kg/m2) had higher incidences of GDM (51.1% versus 14.5%; OR: 5.6, 95% CI: 3.4–9.0) and PIH (8.9% versus 3.2%; OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.3–7.1) than lean controls.

PCOS woemn with normal glucose tolerance had higher risk for PIH than their comparable control group (OR: 4.0, 95% CI: 1.3–11.7).

Conclusion.

This study suggested that PCOS is an independent risk factor for the development of GDM and PIH.

This trial is registered with ChiCTR-RCC-11001824.