A decentralized charging strategy for plug-in-electric vehicles in parking lots

الملخص EN

Recently, the penetration level of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) increased considerably in several countries.

This increase has led to the construction of parking lots (PLs) to facilitate the charging of these vehicles.

However, the uncontrolled charging of PEVs might result in several technical problems in the electric network.

In this paper we propose a decentralized smart charging scheme which seeks to minimize the cost of charging of PEVs according to the optimal response of each electric vehicle to the day-ahead charging prices of the PL.

Two alternative tariffs are explored; the real time pricing (RTP) and time of use pricing (TOU).

The smart charging is compared with the uncontrolled charging using the IEEE 15-bus distribution system over a 24-hour period considering uncertainties of the driving behavior of PEVs.

The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization problem and is solved in MATLAB using the salp swarm algorithm (SSA) technique.

The simulation results which compared with results from particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique show that, compared with uncontrolled charging, smart charging scheme can avoid asset overloading, and displace most charging to valley hours.