Etude socio-economique de l'elevage bovin à l'est Algérien

الملخص EN

The objective of this study is to establish a technical and economic reference framework for dairy cattle breeding in Eastern Algeria in order to improve the knowledge and level of technicality of livestock breeders and to clarify the problems existing within the workshops concerning the structure and functioning, in particular technical and economic management.

Technical and economic monitoring was adopted on six farms over a ten-month period, illustrating the diversity of dairy cattle breeding situations in four Wilayas in eastern Algeria: Mila, Sétif, Constantine and Jijel.

The survey of 66 farms, comprising 1,477 dairy cows, has for results: the farmers surveyed in the southwestern region of eastern Algeria are in majority married (84.85%), and agropastoral (57.58%), and have the formal education system (84.85%).

The exploited races tend to be generally imported: Holstein (67.45%) and Montbéliarde (21.79%).

66.72% of the farmers surveyed have acquired extensive experience in cattle farming (five years).

They breed for purely economic purposes (60.60%) and combine the bovine breeding with small ruminants (62%) and the animals are generally parked overnight in the open air.

Animals are watered twice a day (68.18%) and all farmers are followed by a veterinarian but 16.67% of the respondents before calling him tried to treat themselves.

The herd size is between 5 and 160 heads per farm and the share of dairy cows represents an average of 54.48%.

The quantity of milk produced varies according to the genotype of the cows: 14 to 18 kg/v/d or more at peak lactation for the Holstein breed.