Relativistic Hydrodynamics in Heavy-Ion Collisions: General Aspects and Recent Developments

الملخص EN

Relativistic hydrodynamics has been quite successful in explaining the collective behaviour of the QCD matter produced in high energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC.

We briefly review the latest developments in the hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

Essential ingredients of the model such as the hydrodynamic evolution equations, dissipation, initial conditions, equation of state, and freeze-out process are reviewed.

We discuss observable quantities such as particle spectra and anisotropic flow and effect of viscosity on these observables.

Recent developments such as event-by-event fluctuations, flow in small systems (proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions), flow in ultracentral collisions, longitudinal fluctuations, and correlations and flow in intense magnetic field are also discussed.