Age-Related Differences in Head Impact during Experimentally Induced Sideways Falls

الملخص EN

Purpose.

To examine head impact incidence and head acceleration during experimentally induced falls as a function of age.

Methods.

15 young adults (21.2±2.7) and 10 older adults (61.9±4.3 years) underwent 6 experimentally induced sideways falls.

Participants fell sideways onto a 20cm crash pad.

The number of head impacts was tabulated from video recordings and head acceleration was calculated from motion capture data.

A total of 147 falls were analyzed.

Results.

The young group underwent 88 falls, in which 11.4% resulted in head impact.

The older group underwent 59 falls, in which 34.5% resulted in head impact.

A proportion analysis revealed older adults had a significantly greater proportion of head impacts than young adults (X2(1) = 11.445, p = 0.001).

A two-way ANOVA only revealed a main effect of head impact on acceleration (F(1,142) = 54.342, p<0.001).

Conclusion.

The older adults experienced a greater proportion of head impacts during sideways falls.

Head impact resulted in greater head acceleration compared to no head impact.

Collectively, this data highlights the possibility that age-related neuromuscular changes to head control may result in elevated risk of fall-related TBIs.

Future research examining mechanisms underlying increases in fall-related head impact is warranted.