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The Association of Olfactory Dysfunction, Frailty, and Mortality Is Mediated by Inflammation: Results from the InCHIANTI Study
المؤلفون المشاركون
Ferrucci, Luigi
Antonelli-Incalzi, Raffaele
Margiotta, Domenico Paolo Emanuele
Navarini, Luca
Laudisio, Alice
Fontana, Davide Onofrio
Chiarella, Irene
Spitaleri, Daniele
Bandinelli, Stefania
Gemma, Antonella
المصدر
Journal of Immunology Research
العدد
المجلد 2019، العدد 2019 (31 ديسمبر/كانون الأول 2019)، ص ص. 1-8، 8ص.
الناشر
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
تاريخ النشر
2019-02-20
دولة النشر
مصر
عدد الصفحات
8
التخصصات الرئيسية
الملخص EN
Background.
Olfactory dysfunction might unveil the association between ageing and frailty, as it is associated with declining cognitive function, depression, reduced physical performance, reduced dietary intake, and mortality; all these conditions are characterized by increased levels of inflammatory parameters.
The present study is aimed at evaluating the association between olfactory dysfunction, frailty, and mortality and whether such association might be mediated by inflammation.
Methods.
We analysed data of 1035 participants aged 65+ enrolled in the “InCHIANTI” study.
Olfactory function was tested by the recognition of the smells of coffee, mint, and air.
Olfactory dysfunction was defined as lack of recognition of at least two smells.
Considering the items “shrinking,” “exhaustion,” “sedentariness,” “slowness,” and “weakness” included in the Fried definition, frailty was defined as the presence of at least three criteria, prefrailty of one or two, and robustness of none.
Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) was measured in duplicate by high-sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
Logistic regression was adopted to assess the association of frailty with olfactory function, as well as with the increasing number of olfactory deficits.
Cox regression was used to test the association between olfactory dysfunction and 9-year survival.
Results.
Olfactory dysfunction was associated with frailty, after adjusting (OR 1.94, 95% CI=1.07-3.51; P=.028); analysis of the interaction term indicated that the association varied according to interleukin-6 levels (P for interaction=.005).
Increasing levels of olfactory dysfunction were associated with increasing probability of being frail.
Also, olfactory dysfunction was associated with reduced survival (HR 1.52, 95% CI=1.16-1.98; P=.002); this association varied according to the presence of frailty (P for interaction=.017) and prefrailty status (P for interaction=.046), as well as increased interleukin-6 levels (P for interaction = .011).
Conclusions.
Impairment of olfactory function might represent a marker of frailty, prefrailty, and consequently reduced survival in an advanced age.
Inflammation might represent the possible link between these conditions.
نمط استشهاد جمعية علماء النفس الأمريكية (APA)
Laudisio, Alice& Navarini, Luca& Margiotta, Domenico Paolo Emanuele& Fontana, Davide Onofrio& Chiarella, Irene& Spitaleri, Daniele…[et al.]. 2019. The Association of Olfactory Dysfunction, Frailty, and Mortality Is Mediated by Inflammation: Results from the InCHIANTI Study. Journal of Immunology Research،Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1176023
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الأمريكية للغات الحديثة (MLA)
Laudisio, Alice…[et al.]. The Association of Olfactory Dysfunction, Frailty, and Mortality Is Mediated by Inflammation: Results from the InCHIANTI Study. Journal of Immunology Research No. 2019 (2019), pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1176023
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الطبية الأمريكية (AMA)
Laudisio, Alice& Navarini, Luca& Margiotta, Domenico Paolo Emanuele& Fontana, Davide Onofrio& Chiarella, Irene& Spitaleri, Daniele…[et al.]. The Association of Olfactory Dysfunction, Frailty, and Mortality Is Mediated by Inflammation: Results from the InCHIANTI Study. Journal of Immunology Research. 2019. Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1176023
نوع البيانات
مقالات
لغة النص
الإنجليزية
الملاحظات
Includes bibliographical references
رقم السجل
BIM-1176023
قاعدة معامل التأثير والاستشهادات المرجعية العربي "ارسيف Arcif"
أضخم قاعدة بيانات عربية للاستشهادات المرجعية للمجلات العلمية المحكمة الصادرة في العالم العربي
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