Andiroba Oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet)‎ Nanoemulsions: Development and Assessment of Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity, and Hematotoxicity

الملخص EN

Andiroba oil (AO) is obtained from an Amazonian plant and is used in traditional medicine.

We carried out a comparative study to test the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and hematotoxicity of the oil and its nanoemulsion (AN) in vitro (fibroblasts, lineage NIH/3T3) and in vivo (Swiss mice).

The AN was characterized by DLS/Zeta, and its stability was investigated for 120 days.

The biological activity of AN was assessed in vitro by MTT test and cell morphology analyses and in vivo by micronucleus, comet, and hematotoxicity tests.

The AN presented a hydrodynamic diameter (Hd) of 142.5±3.0 and PDI of 0.272±0.007 and good stability at room temperature.

The MTT test evidenced the cytotoxicity of AO and of AN only at their highest concentrations, but AN showed lower cytotoxicity than AO.

A lower cytotoxicity of AN, when compared to AO, is in fact an interesting data suggesting that during therapeutic application there will be a lower impact in the cell viability of healthy cells.

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and hematotoxicity were not observed in vivo.

These tests on the biological and toxicological effects of andiroba oil and nanostructured oil are still initial ones but will give a direction to future application in cosmetics and/or the development of new phytotherapics.