Sex Differences in the Prevalence and Modulators of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes

الملخص EN

In patients with type 2 diabetes, sleep-disordered breathing is a widespread cause of deteriorated quality of life.

However, robust prevalence estimates for sleep-disordered breathing in patients with type 2 diabetes are limited due to scarce data.

We investigated sex differences in sleep-disordered breathing prevalence and its modulators in the DIACORE SDB substudy, a sample of outpatient type 2 diabetes.

721 participants were tested for sleep-disordered breathing using a two-channel sleep apnoea monitoring device.

Patients were stratified according to the severity of sleep-disordered breathing, defined as an apnoea-hypopnoea index < 15, ≥15 to 29, and ≥30 events per hour as no/mild, moderate, and severe sleep-disordered breathing, respectively.

In the 679 analysed patients (39% women, age 66 ± 9 years, body mass index 31.0 ± 5.4 kg/m2), the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing was 34%.

The prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing was higher in men than in women (41% versus 22%, p<0.001) and increased with age (15%, 21%, and 30% in women and 35%, 40%, and 47% in men in those aged 18–59, 60–69, or ≥70, respectively; age trend p=0.064 in women and p=0.15 in men).

In linear regression analysis, age, BMI, and waist-hip ratio were associated with apnoea-hypopnoea index.

Modulators for higher apnoea-hypopnoea index seem to be similar in men and women.