Evaluation of Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First and Second Premolars Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in a Defined Group of Dental Patients in Iran

الملخص EN

Background.

Successful dental root canal treatments require a complete knowledge of dental anatomy and root canal morphology.

Materials and Methods.

One hundred and forty-five cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to assess the anatomy and morphology of mandibular premolars based on Vertucci’s classifications in a defined group of dental patients in Iran.

The number of roots and root canals, root canal morphology, root and canal shape (curvature), existence of C-shaped canal, and influence of sex on each of these were evaluated.

A chi-squared test was used for statistical analysis.

Results.

The mandibular first and second premolars had a single root in 95.97% and 100% cases, respectively.

In the mandibular first premolars, 62.2% were of type I, 0.8% type II, 10.9% type III, 0.8% type IV, 20.3% type V, 4.2% type VI, and 0.8% type VII; in the second premolars, 78% of canals were of type I, 3% type II, 11% type III, 7% type V, and 1% type VI.

C-shaped canals did not exist in either of the premolars.

The most prevalent root and canal shape was straight.

The most prevalent root curvature was a distal curvature in both premolars (71.4% and 74% of first and second premolars, resp.).

The most prevalent canal curvature was lingual and buccal for the first premolars (7.6% each) and distal for the second premolars (11%).

No significant difference was found between men and women in nearly all of the above (P>0.05).

Conclusion.

The results suggest that there is a need to conduct further evaluations on finding root and canal variations among more populations to gain better knowledge prior to root canal treatment.