Occupational Therapy for Parkinsonian Patients: A Retrospective Study

الملخص EN

Background.

Hand functionality and finger dexterity are impaired in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).

These disturbances lead to a dependency in activities of daily living (ADL) and poor quality of life (QoL).

Objective.

We aimed to evaluate whether a specific occupational therapy (OT) program is effective in improving finger and hand dexterity and its impact on ADL in PD patients.

Methods.

We retrospectively studied PD patients, hospitalized for a 4-week multidisciplinary intensive rehabilitation treatment (MIRT) between January 2015 and June 2018.

All patients underwent 1 h/day OT treatment, 5 days a week.

The primary outcome measure was the O’Connor finger dexterity test; secondary outcome measures were the Minnesota dexterity test, UPDRS II, and Self-Assessment Parkinson’s Disease Disability Scale (SPDDS).

These measures were assessed at admission (T0) and discharge (T1).

Results.

Based on the Hoehn and Yahr scale (H&Y), patients were divided into two groups: 262 subjects in H&Y stage <3 (early-stage PD patients) and 220 in H&Y stage ≥3 (medium-advanced stage PD patients).

As expected, at baseline, all measures were worse in higher H&Y stages.

After treatment, both groups experienced significant improvements in all outcomes.

Significant differences between early-stage and medium-advanced stage PD patients were observed only for the changes in UPDRS II, with a better improvement in patients in H&Y stage ≥3.

Conclusions.

We showed that PD patients who underwent a rehabilitation protocol including OT experienced improvements in finger dexterity and hand functionality.

Our results underline the relevance of OT in improving autonomy and QoL in PD patients.