السياسة المائية الإثيوبية و أثرها على دولتي السودان و مصر : دراسة حالة سد النهضة

الملخص EN

This study addresses the issue of the Ethiopian hydro-politics and its impact on Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt taking the Great Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile as a case study.

The study highlights the negative role of Ethiopia towards the 1959 agreement of the River Nile.

In addition, Ethiopia welcomed the study of United States Bureau of Reclamation, and it started to develop its hydro-politics besides its participation with the World Bank in utilizing Ethiopian water resources in favor of economic growth.

Ethiopia has adopted a hydro-politics whose most important objective is to exploit the abundant water resources to achieve the economic and social development of the Ethiopian people.

This policy resulted in a number dams for the production of electricity.

The most famous of these dams is the Dam of the Great Renaissance (DGR), which has caused political tensions among the three riparian states, especially between Egypt and Ethiopia and Egypt and Sudan, the tensions began early on the eve of the announcement to construct the dam by the Ethiopian government.

This study attempts to explain the real impact of the dam on Sudan and Egypt in particular.

The significance of the study includes the investigation of the relationship between Ethiopian hydro-politics and its impact on riparian countries Sudan and Egypt.

The study concentrate on the stages of the establishment of the dam and the negotiation that led to the signature of many documents up the pivotal development of forming an a three party committee that is composed of the intelligence, irrigation an and ministry of foreign affairs in the three countries.

The authors uses multiple methods, the historical, the descriptive and the case study method, all had used to analyze the data which largely generated from secondary resources.

The study concluded that the dam has positive and negative effects that must be avoided for the benefit of the eastern basin countries Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt.