الاتجاه الصوفي بالغرب الإسلامي في القرن الخامس الهجري

الملخص EN

Sufism, i.e., Islamic Mysticism, began with the emergence of divine ascetic behaviors in the desire for God Almighty, a disconnection from the world and its flowering, abandonment of its pleasures, and crying when reading the Qur’an and listening to the sermon.

in the third century AH, it developed into concepts and ideas of learning and studying and looking for followers who believed in its intellectual and philosophical approach.

however, the apprehension of this thought and the path to many groups of uneducated and ignorant people developed the idea of Sufism a dangerous development, which diverted it to-what Muslim Scholars considered as-wrong practices not derived from the Qur’an and the approach of the predecessors: which exposed it to harsh criticism, showed it empty ways of its intellectual and devotional content, and reduced it in ways full of superstitions it is more than it elevates its companions in the paths of asceticism, purification of souls, and alleviating the chances of worldly pleasures.

and this is what led-motivated by jealousy for Islam and hatred for those who work to deceive the tolerant concepts of Islam-to the surveillance of the scholars of Morocco and the rest of the Islamic West of the people of innovation among the pretenders of Sufism.

the efforts of these scholars-who gathered to deny the pretenders of Sufism and throw them into delusional heresies-had a decisive effect in the fifth century AH.

so, the trend of fighting the heresies and deviations of the Sufis who raised their voices in remembrance and chanting away from the approach of the predecessors, until it was combined with their innovation with dancing and listening.

the state of Adarsa (172 AH-375 AH) also worked to eliminate the people of innovation from those claiming Sufism, and this continued during the reign of the Almoravid dynasty (447-541 AH) .