Leaf and root anatomical changes of date palm Phoenix dactylifera l. khadrawi cultivar under abiotic stress

الملخص EN

Thermal stress, associated with salinity or drought stress is more damaging to the anatomical characteristics of the plant than the single factor.

Leaves and roots from annual young date palm offshoots used as experimental materials.

The results showed that the drought decreased thickness of blade, mesophyll, and vascular bundle in July and September.

Whereas the irrigation with fresh water on September increased blade, mesophyll, and vascular bundle thickness.

The salinity increased upper epidermal of the leaflet in July whereas the freshwater decreased upper epidermal of the leaflet in September.

The lower epidermal affected with salinity in May and July.

However, drought increased cuticle thickness in July compared to other treatments.

The drought, salinity and thermal stress caused the damage roots of the date palm.

The freshwater increased epidermis and the cortical thickness at all months.

Whereas drought and salinity decreased epidermis and cortical thickness.

However, the drought increased endodermis and sclerenchyma thickness, and vascular thickness compared to fresh water.

The critical factor in the effect of drought stress associated with thermal stress is drought stress, and recovery of the tissue does not occur with the presence of drought stress despite the removal of thermal stress.