أنثروبولوجيا الإسلام : بين تعاليم النصوص و مقتضيات الواقع : قضايا منهجية

الملخص EN

This topic targets the methodological discussion of the anthropology of Islam that takes two sides: the real and positivist dimension, on one hand, and the normative that is embodied in the prescriptions and the texts on the other hand.

In fact, in these prescriptions and texts, the religious, political and cultural aspects take a controlling role in the process of treating the concerned dilemma.

Thus, one trend calls for an Islamic anthropology as an approach for a better understanding, regarding the harmony of the studied subject and the object of the study.

As for the other trend, it has rather an epistemological background and refers to the Durkheimien school.

It refers to a political side because of its connection to the colonial context.

In light of this ontological division between the Islam of texts and the Islam of the common sense, we find the Anglo - Saxon trend - with its cultural background - perceives the impossibility of excluding any form of Islam as it is incorrect Within the anthropology of Islam.

This aims to examine the geography of coexistence between the great and little tradition at times, and at others, as a local system for a propagated version of a more comprehensive symbolic system or a response to social constructs.

Nevertheless, the anthropologist’s recourse to essentialist perception of Islam as a stagnated structure or nucleus is still an ongoing debate.

Talal Asad - and his followers - claim that it is necessary to consider the subject of anthropology not as a religion but as a discursive tradition, i.e.

as a social body of discussion and practice linked to a social and historical process, which requires attention to the formation of concepts in their relation to texts from within the changing social structures; how to refine the subject and determine the methods of their behavior and practices, what are the manifestations of this combination Talal’s conceptualization and will it succeed in getting out of the crisis of text and practice discourse?