الإجراءات الوقائية لمواجهة الكوارث الطبيعية في بلاد الشام في العصر المملوكي (658-923ه 1260-1517م)‎

الملخص EN

Natural disasters had spread during the Mamluk era in the Levant.

It varied to be earthquakes, torrents, floods, heavy rain, snowing, and swarms of locust's raids, epidemics, and different kinds of plague.

The Mamluk authority had taken many preservative procedures to face such natural calamities.

These steps were shown through the availability of the necessary food substances, health awareness spreading out, restricting the diffusion of epidemics, building hospitals, forbidding monopoly, pricing food commodities, cancelling customs and taxes, and compensating the disaster victims.

They government also closed market places for saving people's lives from the disease, liberated prisoners, constructed and restored what's destroyed by the catastrophes, kept peace, annihilated social improper acts, and banned all of the celebrations and the religious social occasions.

This study sheds a light on the Mamluk authority's great attention paid to the injured of these disasters, restriction of its effects on them, and the domination of the protective procedures to avoid such cataclysms or giving relief of its consequences.