تأثير متبقيات البرسيم و الذرة الصفراء الربيعية تحت تأثير أنظمة حراثة مختلفة في نمو و حاصل الذرة الصفراء الخريفية المزروعة وفق نظام الدورة الزراعية في تربة جبسية

الملخص EN

Crop rotation system was practiced under the effect of different tillage systems to find their influence on the growth characteristics and yield of corn (autumn season) in a gypsiferous soil.

Clover and corn crop were planed in spring season 2018-2019.

Under the effect no tillage system (NT) and the reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage (CT), and keeping on levels (0 %, 50 %, 100 %) for their residues after experiment harvesting.

In autumn season planted corn was (autumn season) in the same site of spring season under the same effect of the same factors studied in the first experiment in addition to the factor of the percentage of residues of the previous crop.

Growth characteristics, plant height and dry matter yield were studied.

After harvesting, the yield characteristics were studied (number of rows, weight of cobs, weight of 500 seeds, grain yield) for each experimental unit to determine the effect of the studied factors on it.

Results showed that there was no significant difference between the NT system and the RT system in the characteristic of plant height, both of which were significantly superior to the CT system, with a percentage greater than (2.13 and 1.9) % respectively.

While for the dry matter yield the RT system was significantly superior to NT, with a percentage greater than (6.14) % and was not significant with CT.

As for the yield characteristics the RT system significantly superior the NT system and the CT system in the characteristic (number of rows, weight of cobs, weight of 500 seeds, and grain yield) for the yield of maize (autumn season) and a percentage of superiority of (7.2, 8.7, 4.2 and 11.2) % respectively, compared to the lowest average.

Also, clover residues were significantly superior over the corn residues (spring season) in plant height and dry matter in the rate of (1.72 and 8.66) % respectively, in percentage superior to (NS, 14.8, 7.2 and 15.5) % in the number of rows and weight of sprouts and weight of 500 seeds and the grain yield on respectively of the corn crop (autumn season) cultivated according to the crop rotation system.

By increasing the level of residues from 0 % to the level of 100 %, the growth characteristics of plant height and dry matter increased significantly, the increase superior was (2.78 and 40.85) %, respectively.

As for yield characteristics (weight of cobs, weight of 500 seeds, and grain yield) of corn yield (autumn season) the level 100 % superior on level of 0 % from residues values (263.34 g and 178.40 g and 6685.09 kg ha 1) and in the rate (10.5, 7.6 and 16) %, respectively.

As for the number of rows there was no significant between the levels and the three interferences treatment NT.C.C2Re100 % and RT.C.C2Re100 % gave the high significance in plant height a value of (198.33) cm for both.

The treatment is NT.C.C2Re100 % with a value of (5663.9) kg ha-1 in dry matter yield and the treatment is RT.C.C1Re 100 % in the number of rows a value of (16.33) row sp-1 and the treatment NT.C.C2Re 100 % in the weight of 500 seeds a value of (189.11) g and in the grain yield total value (7740.4) kg ha-1 compared to the other study treatments.