تأثير مستوى البورون و النتروجين تحت كثافات نباتية مختلفة في بعض صفات النمو و الحاصل للبروكلي Brassica Oleracea Var. Italica Plenck في تربة جبسية

الملخص EN

A field experiment was conducted in the fields of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tikrit University for the 2019-2020 agricultural seasons to study the effect of planting distances and the level of nitrogen fertilization and boron on the growth and yield of broccoli in gypsum soil.

The study included three factors, the first factor was the distance between plants, and it included four distances (35, 45, 55, and 65 cm) (D1, D2, D3, and D4), respectively.

The second factor was the level of nitrogen application, which includes two levels of nitrogen 70 and 140 (kg N ha-1) (N1 and N2), respectively.

The third factor was the level of boron addition and it includes two levels of boron, which are (without boron application and 6 kg B.

ha-1) (B0 and B1), respectively.

Results showed that the nitrogen level N2 gave a clear significant increase compared to the N1 level in dry matter yield (the first cut), reaching (21.58 g.

Plant 1), while the first level N1 reached (17.94 g).

Dry matter yield (the second cut) reached (84.39 g.

Plant 1) in the second level N2, while in the first level it reached (74.36 g.

Plant-1) and the N2 level was significantly superior over N1 level for some indicators of vegetative growth, plant height (cm) and leaf area (cm2).

-1) and the number of leaves (leaf-plant-1) and thus the yield increased significantly in this level of nitrogen at the N1 level, as the total yield of floral heads at the N2 level was (25.865 tons.

Ha-1) and at the N1 level (22.6 ton ha-1 ).

The addition of boron fertilizer at a rate of (6 kg B.

ha -1) led to a significant increase in the dry matter yield (the first and second cuts) and to a significant increase in the yield, as well as in the boron concentration in the shoot and the floral heads, and the vegetative growth indicators of broccoli.

Planting at a 65 cm among broccoli plants (D4) led to a significant increase in dry matter yield (first and second cut) and an increase in plant yield.

The superiority was significant over other distances except for the distance D1, which gave the highest total yield of broccoli floral heads, reaching 26.63 (tons ha-1 ).

1), whereas the distances D2, D3, and D4 gave a total yield of 25.38, 22.71, and 22.21 (ton ha-1), respectively.

The triple interaction between nitrogen (N) and planting distances (D) and boron (B) gave the highest value at the treatment (D4N2B1) which was significantly superior over other treatments for most of the studied traits, except the total yield of the floral heads where the superiority was in favor of treatment D1N2B1.