الانشقاق الكبير عام 1054م : الأسباب-الوقائع-النتائج

الملخص EN

In July 1054, Pope Leo IX (1049-1054 A.D.) sent an envoy to Constantinople led by Cardinal Humbert (1006-1061A.D.) to discuss some religious rituals with the patriarch Michael Cerularius (1043-1059 A.D.) The theological debate ended with theexcommunication of the patriarch of Constantinople and the final division between the Roman Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox Churches.This paper examines the historical roots of the doctrinal differences between the two Churches from the middle of the 4th century A.D., when Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire until the beginning of the 11th century, in order to clarify that what happened in 1054 A.D., was not a direct cause of this schism, but rather was a result of the cultural difference between the eastern (Greek) and western (Latin) societies