Effect of benzyl adenine on growth and flowering of some saffron (crocus sativus l.)‎ cultivars

الملخص EN

The Study was conducted in the Fiberglass house, belong to Horticulture and landscape Department / College of Agriculture / Kirkuk university for the period from September / 2017 to April / 2018 to investigated the effect of soaking in Benzyl adenine at three concentrations (0 ,100, 200 mg.L-1) on growth and flowering of three Saffron cultivars (Crocus sativus L.) : First cultivar (Cartwrightianus "Albus"), Second cultivar (Bunch) and the third cultivar (Pushal), indicating the Possibility of Successful cultivation as, Saffron ornamental plants, economic and medical crop in Kirkuk, the study was laid out in factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.

) with three replications, results show that : The effect of Soaking corms with different concentrations of benzyl adenine was significantly higher before planting in most Vegetative, Flowering, concentration of 100 mg.L-1 resulted in an increase the number of shoots and leaves / plants in the second stage (7.27 bud.plant-1 30.58 leaves.plant-1) respectively, with the lowest length of leaves (19.54 cm), early of flowering (48.81 days),length of stigmas (4.12 cm), the concentration was 200 mg.L-1, the moral effect was delaying of sprouting (28.44 days)، increase the number of shoots and leaves (5.25 bud.plants-1,18.51 leaf.

plants-1) and took the longest time of flowering (64.92 days), and the three cultivars were significantly different in their growth and Flowering, The Bunch cultivar predominated in most characteristics, with the highest number of shoots (4.91 sprouts.plants-1, longest leaves 49.03 cm), early of sprouting (20.61 days), this was higher than the third cultivar (Pushal), which was characterized by being delayed sprouting (27.72) days, with the highest number of leaves (18.51) leaf.

plants -1).

The two cultivars differed significantly from the first cultivar (cartwrightianus "Albus") which has the highest rate of leaf length (24.71 cm) ,highest content of chlorophyll (1.63CCI) and the lowest number of leaves (12.44 leaf.plant-1).

The plants did not flowering and grew only vegetative , the cultivars showed a significant difference in their responsiveness to benzyl adenine, the cultivar (Bunch) was superior to the concentration of 200 mg.L-1 in the highest number of shoots and leaves (6.33 bud.plant-1 26.25 leaf.plant-1) respectively, early of flowering (44.50 days) at the concentration of 100 mg.L-1, cultivar (pushal) at the concentration of 200 mg.L-1 was delaying of sprouting (32.58 days), While the cultivar(Bunch)gave the longest time of flowering(72.50 days) at the concentration of 200 mg.L-1 .