استخلاص العواصف الغبارية الجدارية من مرئيات موديس (MODIS)‎ : نطاق المملكة العربية السعودية أنموذجا

الملخص EN

Dust storms are considered one of the critical environmental issues, and they are one of the most important problems that arise in dry areas such as Saudi Arabia.

remote sensing technology helps track the changing weather and terrestrial phenomena, especially with high-resolution time satellites such as Modis.

this study attempts to determine the sources of dust throughout monitoring the hotspot of its starting by Modis satellite images.

there are several dust attacks on the Saudi Arabia, but five cases of dust storms were chosen, which are (Smakat Ary, Ashabah, Modlimah, Mdar, and Habob) based on the committee for naming the distinctive climatic conditions in Saudi Arabia.

dust detection from satellite images, it comes through several procedures, as converting layers from the digital number to radiance and using the plank's equation to make the brightness temperature-BT and finally, applying (Ackerman, 1997) method to subtract32 from 31 bands so the result will be in two colors, black represents dust and white represents non-dust.

the results indicated the ability of Modis satellites to follow the moving phenomena such as dust.

in addition, the results illustrated that most of the dust cases were coming from Iraq and Badia al-sham, except that Madar was coming from Africa.

Ackerman's formula has proven its ability to distinguish the dust mass between atmospheric and terrestrial phenomena with using thermal radiation bands.

also, it is found a strong relationship between the volume of dust and the amount of rain fall that was evident in the case of Ashbah whereas reached its area of 1,690k km2 with the average amount of rain 1 mm according based on Arar station in 2017.

it is around 75% of dust cases, that under this study, were coming from Iraq and the Badia al-sham due to the kind of the sediments in these areas, and wind spring which blows from northeastern of Arab peninsula.

dust will remain an environmental problem that requires international action to reduce its damage.