Reference and sense in selected english short stories

الملخص EN

This research is an inquiry into the concepts of reference and sense in selected English short stories.

It is an attempt to determine which concept of these two is used more in the selected short stories because in every language different expressions of these two are used and that's why they have been chosen in this study.

The reference of a word is the relation between the linguistic expression and the entity in the real world to which it refers.

In contrast to reference, sense is defined as the relations to other expressions in the language system.

Thus there are words that have senses but no referents in the real world.

Depending on this contradiction this study is going to be conducted.

This research is an inquiry into the concepts of reference and sense in selected English short stories.

It is an attempt to determine which concept of these two is used more in the selected short stories because in every language different expressions of these two are used and that's why they have been chosen in this study.

The reference of a word is the relation between the linguistic expression and the entity in the real world to which it refers.

In contrast to reference, sense is defined as the relations to other expressions in the language system.

Thus there are words that have senses but no referents in the real world.

Depending on this contradiction this study is going to be conducted.