عناصر الزخرفة النباتية أصولها و مدى انتشارها على الآثار العربية و الإسلامية

الملخص EN

ABSTRACT Mosul is regarded as one of the most important Islamic Arabic cities in Iraq which is situated on the western bank of Tigris river opposite to Nineveh city (one of the Assyrian’s capitals).

Mosul city has with nessed great prosperity and development in many technical and architectural aspects during the Islamic periods when it was liberated by the Arab Muslims till it reached the climax of maturity and prosperity during the Atabiki reign.

But, Mosul was invaded by the Mongols Ilkhani, the Jala’irid, followed by the Turkman (Qara Qoynli) invasion.

Despite these events, we were able to explore many ofthe sculpture and plant ornamentation which were executed on survived architectural elements whether islflmic or Christian of these vine ornamentation elements are palm leaves, dieir halves, palm fans, grapes leaves, calyses elements, nodded, composite and spiral branches, plant shoots and pine cones which their origins come from being popular in the past periods, but we did not find any ornamentation pattern during the ruling of Turkmans (Qara Qoynli).

At the beginning of the ١٠ century, the conflict increased between the Safawin and Automan states on Mosul, this condition continued until the stability of the political during the 12lh century after 1-lijra when it gained a self government during the Automan reign.

Many ornamentation patterns made of plant elements and units which were popular on many Islamic and Christian architecture in previous periods were explored, in addition to the plant elements which were popular in Mosul city represented by many plants like pine, wheat and barn and leaves, composite Clip elements and composite palm leaves.