تحليل و كشف التغيرات في أنماط الغطاء الارضي في ناحية سدة الهندية بأستخدام التقانات الجيومكانية

الملخص EN

The aim of this study using remote sensing and GIS in the study and control of the manifestations of the deterioration and the monitoring of changes in the nature of the ground covers in Saddha Al-Hindia District in Babil Governorate 1998.

The study area is located in the north-eastern part of Babil Governorate within the coordinates between the Longitude ("0.0 07' 44°" and "0.0 '26°44°44°E)" and latitude ("0.0'38°32°n" and "0.0 '48°32° north) and an area (281) km2.

Space data was used for the Landsat 8 OLI 2018.

Supervised classification method used to observe degradation status in soil, land and plant cover using some indices: Plant indices (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI, Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and salinity Index SI and land degradation index LDI and Bare soil index BSI and Topsoil Grain Size Index GSI and Normalized Difference water Index NDWI, for study periods to detect the role of natural and human factors leading to changes in land cover patterns.

Supervised classification used to limiting classes and calculated area of each index by using ArcGIS 10.5 software.

Results indicated the presence of six categories of covers the floor of each water body and Bare land and Urban and Land Agriculture and natural vegetation.

Results of the study showed that the human factors of different human and urban activities, is the main factor responsible for the occurrence of changes in patterns of land cover and private agricultural land.

The geography of building a database for each of the land cover patterns and signs of environmental degradation of agricultural land, which are adjusta-ble, modernization and integration.