شرح المياه و استراتيجيات التنمية المستدامة : حالة دول المغرب العربي

الملخص EN

The aim of this paper is to present the development of water resources in the Arab Maghreb (Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Morocco and Mauritania), which are facing a challenge on the level of water arrangement in the future, because of the risk of scarcity and droughts that have become a structural element in its environmental reality.

Water needs in these countries continue to rise, posing them a great bet, especially on their economies based mainly on agriculture.

The paper shows that this group of countries are facing a gap in their water and food resources.

Most water resources are traditional and mostly superficial, and the region suffers from shortage of water and the rate of per capita consumption of water.

The inhabitants of this countries will face a crisis in the arrangement of its water resources, and this situation will have an impact on economic development in the future as well as significant environmental difficulties.

The paper concluded that the Arab Maghreb countries will be among the candidate countries that may experience a water crisis in the not too distant future, due to climatic changes, and a decrease in the average of these resources.

The impacts of this crisis on these countries are increasing with the increase of its population and their needs to water resources.

Therefore, sustainable and comprehensive development of water resources and its management have become vitally important in these countries, so as to avoid future crises caused by lack of this resource, quantity and quality.

These countries must be given instructions on how to consume water, how to develop water methods of use (non-traditional), how to purify water, and how to treat rainwater, drainage water and others.

The research problem thus focuses on how to adopt sustainable strategies for the exploitation of water resources in the Arab Maghreb countries, and how to face water scarcity and paucity in the region.

Research Objectives: This paper seeks to achieve a set of objectives, which are: 1-To present the real situation of the water resources of the Arab Maghreb countries.

2-To identify the problems faced by the people of this region currently and in the future because of water scarcity.

3-To suggest a future plan to cope with water scarcity in the Arab Maghreb countries.

Research Methodology: To achieve the objectives of the research, the author used the descriptive and analytical method, depending on a number of references in both languages Arabic and English, and on reports from international organizations related to the subject, on articles and periodicals, and also on the internet sites.