Study the damage to blood cells when exposed to laser radiation and how to avoid it

الملخص EN

This research studied the damage caused by lasers on red blood cells (R.B.C.) and white blood cells (W.R.C.) in humans when common medical treatments , such as: sterilization of blood samples, treatment of tumors and removal of the birthmark, then a method for avoiding these damages.

The study was divided into two axes: The first axis: the study of the laser effect in terms of (its power, power density, exposure period, and wavelength) using three powers whose spectrum is located within the visible area of the electromagnetic spectrum : - Diode laser with power (5 mW) and wavelength (632.8 nm), Diode lasers have power (4.2 mW) and wavelength (632.8 nm), and (Nd: YVO4) laser with power (10 mW) and wavelength (532 nm).

The second axis: studying the effect of the laser when placing the sample under the temperature (20 & 370C), for three irradiation periods (4,6,8 min).

Fresh blood samples were irradiated from a healthy donor (his group B-).

The results showed a clear damage in (R.B.C.) counts when irradiating with a Diode laser, as the damage gradually increased to reach the highest value (4x107 cell / ml) at the power density (2.48 mW \ cm2) for the period (8 min).

The damage was also observed in the number of (W.R.C.) to increase with the increase in power and period to reach the highest damage (5.2 x 106 cell / ml) in the number of (W.R.C.) at the same period and the same power density.

However, less damage was observed in the numbers of red and white blood cells when the samples were irradiated at (20oC) for all densities and irradiation periods if compared with the results of (37oC) for any laser in the study.

Also, no damage was observed in red and white blood cells (damage 0.0%) when using a diode laser (4.2 mW) with a power density of (0.791 mW / cm2) during the period (4 min).

The study concluded that it recommends to use the diode laser (4.2 mW), which it deems to be successful, appropriate and safe in medical uses without harming red blood cells and white blood cells when used with a power density (0.791 mW / cm2) , period (4 min) and temperature (20oC) , especially when adopted in sterilization of blood bags against bacteria and viruses in blood banks, or when treating tumors in surgical operations.