ديناميات الجزيرة الحرارية لمدينة سوهاج استجابة لتغير الغطاءات الأرضية خلال الفترة (1990-2021 م)‎ باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار من بعد و نظم المعلومات الجغرافية

الملخص EN

The current study deals with the dynamics of the heat island in the city of Sohag in response to the changes that occur in the main land covers, resulting in a change in the intensity of the surface urban heat island.

therefore, this study was designed to model and measure the urban heat island dynamics of Sohag city in response to the major land cover changes during the period 1990-2021.

the study relied mainly on the integration of remote sensing and geographic information systems technologies for processing and analyzing satellite visuals.

therefore, the significance of the study in relying on remote sensing technology and geographic information systems in monitoring and analyzing the change in the temperature of the earth and its relationship to the dynamics of land cover during the years 1990, 2000, 2010, 2021, using the data of the landsat-5 TM, landsat-7 satellite ETM + and landsat-8 OLI / TIRS.

the study used the supervised classification to map land cover changes.

the study also used the thermal band to derive the land surface temperature (LST) and the urban heat islands (UHI), as well as the calculation of land use indicators, such as the nominalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), the normalized difference water index (NDWI).

in addition, a linear regression analysis was used to highlight the relationship and correlation between LST, and each of the aforementioned indicators.

the study concluded a number of results, perhaps the most prominent is that the city of Sohag witnessed tremendous urban growth, as the urban areas increased from 59.9% to 71.59% of the total area of Sohag during the period from 1990 to 2021 AD, while there was a significant decrease in the area of vegetation cover from 25.8% to 14.04% of the total area of the city during the same period.

as a result, there was a significant increase in the surface temperature of the earth, which increased from 34,56º C to 38.43º C, with a total increase of 3.87ºC during the same period, and then the intensity of the urban surface heat island increased.