أثر تطبيق اتفاقية (التريبس)‎ على مجال صناعة الدواء

الملخص EN

Millions of people lack access to effective medicines, especially in low- and middle-income countries, often because of their high costs.

(Hereinafter WTO) The World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference in 2001 adopted the Doha Declaration on the Convention on Trade-Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (Hereinafter TRIPS Agreement) and Public Health.

The announcement acknowledged the implications of intellectual property rights for the development of both new drugs and drug prices.

The Declaration also identified measures known as the flexibility of the TRIPS Agreement, which WTO members could benefit from to ensure universal access to medicines.

These measures include mandatory licensing of pharmaceutical patents and drug-transfer measures in the least developed countries .The objective of the study is to document the use of the flexibility of the TRIPS Agreement to provide the lowest-priced equivalent medicines between 2001 and 2016.

In particular, compulsory licenses or licenses for general non-commercial use and parallel importation.