ماهية الأسطورة في المذاهب النقدية الحديثة : دراسة نقدية مقارنة

الملخص EN

This research examines how modern critical approaches deal with the essence of myth without discussing critical trends that consider a myth a superstition or a divine tale.

these modern critical trends in mythology were divided into linguistic, psychological, political, and cultural, where Max Mueller, Levi Strauss, and Roland Barrett studied myth through its language, whether negative or positive terms.

in psychological doctrine, Freud assumed that a mental illness dominated the hero of the myth and motivated him to perform such acts, linking dreams and human instincts, calling each instinct a mythical hero.

afterwards, the political critic approach of the theory of political myth was founded by “Ernst Cassirer” in 1942 in his book “the myth of the state” based on three basic terms : the magic word, political atmosphere and the mission of the new language, blaming the makers of these myths for combining the irrational magic of a new religion ; the world of politics, and the logic of presenting it to the recipient to be subject to him.

finally, the myth was studied by specialists in cultural studies in general and cultural criticism in particular, by linking all previous critical trends concerning cultural patterns.