الهدايا المتبادلة بين المماليك والمغول خلال عهد الناصر محمد بن قلاوون

الملخص EN

The research deals with the study of gifts exchanged between the Mamluks and the Mongols during the era of Sultan Al-Nasir Muhammad bin Qalawun (693-741 AH /1293-1340 AD), by defining the gift linguistically and idiomatically, and an overview of the political relations and gifts exchanged between the Mamluks and the Mongols before the reign of Nasser, then presenting the gifts exchanged between Al-Nasir and the Mongols, whether the Mongols of Persia or the Caucasus, clarifying the purpose of those gifts, as well as listing examples of gifts exchanged between them, then studying the gift-bearing apostles, in terms of the most important messengers, and the qualities necessary for them to have, ensuring that gifts arrive, and finally the consequences of exchanging gifts between two sides.