The international trade movement and container markets' competitiveness in the Eastern mediterranean region: the case of Egyptian ports terminals

الملخص EN

The global economic system has recorded a wide range of factors that have helped to globalization, the most important of them being the industrial-technological revolution.

Globalization has a significant impact on the transportation sector in general, particularly the maritime transport industry.

The steady growth of seaborne trade over the last two decades has resulted in an increase in container ships, container ports, and terminals.

Ports are regarded as the foundation of international trade.

According to (Unctade, 2021), seaports handle approximately 90% of global trade.

So, ports and container terminals are important factors in international trade, and the competitiveness of container ports has been a major issue over the last decade.