الليبرالية الروسية الحديثة والمعاصرة: دراسة في الجذور والأنواع

الملخص EN

State-building of the Russian federation after the fall of the former Soviet Union was based on the principles of liberalism.

yet the attempt to formulate the new federation on the basis of liberalism faced numerous difficulties that led to the abandonment of those principles later on.

this study aims to describe the types of Russian liberalism by singling out their characteristics, differences, and similarities with western liberalism.

the study concludes that there are five types of Russian liberalism developed throughout the modern history of the Russian state from the 18th century until the 1990s.

besides, the study shows the main reasons behind why the Russian people lost confidence in the liberal ideology, which was applied during the period of the democratic transition.