هجمات قطاع الطرق على قوافل الحجاج في العصر العباسي

الملخص EN

There is no doubt that the convoys of pilgrims were exposed to a number of difficulties and obstacles while going or returning from ecca, and they affected the pilgrims in health, economics and security.

Negative for pilgrims, including: The bandits were of different forms, each of them wanted to achieve what they wanted by being exposed to the pilgrims, including: the Arand the Qarmatians.

The pilgrimage to the Sacred House of God requires a lot of preparation, whether it is a journey, transportation, and walking along long routes through an organized group trip, in which the caravans travel towards Makkah Al-Mukarramah in ways surrounded by fears, dangers and difficulties from aggression, robbery and looting of their convoys by bandits from the Bedouins and Qarmatians, with the aim of Possession of money, which led to the interruption of Hajj from some areas for several years.

The attacks of bandits were active in the second Abbasid era, including the Qarmatian movement, which was distinguished at that time due to the conditions in which the Abbasid Caliphate experienced disintegration and the independence of many emirates from the body of the Caliphate, as well as the domination of the Turks and the Buyids in the Abbasid Caliphate.

The research was divided into an introduction and then mentioned several topics, including: First: the syntaxSecond: the QarmatiansThen the conclusion that included the results reached by the research with a list of sources and references, and finally, we hope that we will succeed in completing this research, and God grants success.